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Four Key Elements that Revitalize Your Teaching
使教學充滿活力的四把鑰匙
By H.G. Cadenas，姜重芬 摘譯
School reform has been the main focus of discussion among educators for a number of years.
The truth is that schools, as well as society, are facing many problems which are not unique to them. Nevertheless, the fact remains that when a teacher and his/her students face each other in the classroom they must truly work with each other. They have to connect with each other. This is the only way in which they will be able to understand and use the information given in the classroom. I feel that there are four courses of action that could make the classroom a better place in which students, and many times the teacher, really learn.
The following four courses of action I call keys because they are the tools that could open certain areas which, if not addressed, may result in the institutionalization of many of the problem that plague our schools today.
Key Number One Renew and refresh your knowledg of the subject matter.
How?
Read new information to maintain currency in your field. You can gain different ideas from different areas and incorporate them in your lessons, resulting in greater understanding of the world at large. Above all, talk to your colleagues. Many students today do not understand the fact that " learning is its own reward" . It is important for the teacher to be so imbued with delight in the subject matter that students will see its value in every activity.
Our world is changing so rapidly that many times knowledge of the subject matter is new and fresh for both students and teacher.Nothing can be more exciting than the teacher truly learning together with his or her class.
Key Number Two Prepare interesting, colorful captivating lesson plans and deliver them with gusto. There is nothing more boring than a lesson plan that has nothing to connect with the material.TV exemplifies the art of captivating the audience in the first 10 seconds or less.Use that technique.Adopt that approach and your students will be more interested in looking and listening.
A lesson plan should create a vibrant classroom environment in which learning is not only possible, but also fun and exciting. Many times this key may be achieved by using something that the student does not see as a real lesson. One example is games in which the students think that they are not doing serious work, but that they are going to win something or that they are in competition. This is a pivotal key for promoting good feelings, which is one of the greatest aspects of learning.
Key Number Three In your lesson plan, make it a number one priority to ensure that your student can follow the lesson. In this area one must also remember those students whose mastery of the English language is not as complete as that in the rest of the class. Leave no stone unturned to make sure that you reach your students——all of them! Above all, teachers should always be fair and treat their students with respect both in and out of the classroom. There, at times, we let our negative feelings about students be known and, thereby, become general knowledge of the whole faculty. This can be very damaging to the student's reputation.
Key Number Four Help your students to put their learning to use immediately. In the ensuing weeks and months, show them the connection between classroom subject and life in general. When practical, encourage students to teach someone else what they themselves have learned. Show them that schools are not isolated from the world.
This can also be practiced in the classroom using the techniques of cooperative learning in which the teacher pairs students by ability, by mastery, and by understanding of the lesson delivered in the classroom.
使教學充滿活力的四把鑰匙
教學改革多年來一直是教育工作者探討的主要課題。
事實是學校和社會都面臨許多問題，這些問題帶有普遍性。不過，當教師在教室里面對學生時，他們必須真誠合作。他們必須相互溝通，這是學生能夠理解和運用所教知識的惟一途徑。我認為可做四件事，使課堂成為能真正學到東西的地方，這不僅指學生而言，也包括教師在內。
這四種方法，我稱之為“鑰匙”，是因為它們能打開某些領域。這些領域如不處理，會使現今困擾學校的許多問題無法得到解決。
第一把鑰匙 所教科目需更新知識。
怎樣才能做到?
通過閱讀使你在專業領域里保持信息流通。從不同的領域中得到不同的想法，把它們融入到你的課程中去，從而達到對世界更多的理解。尤為重要的是要與你的同事們交談。現在許多學生不明白"學習本身就是回報"。因而，教師對他所教科目要有興趣，使學生在每項活動中都體會其價值，這一點很重要。
世界正發生日新月異的變化，就所教科目來說，常常會出現教師和學生所陌生的全新知識。教師如真正做到與班上學生一起學習，那將是世上最令人興奮的事情了。
第二把鑰匙 要把課準備得生動有趣、豐富多彩，講課要講得津津有味。與教材毫無聯系的教學計劃講起來最令人索然寡味。電視能在10秒鐘或更短的時間里就把觀眾吸引住，這是教師可以借鑒的。仿效電視吸引觀眾的方式，你的學生就會更有興趣地注視并聆聽你所授的課程。
教學計劃應該創造一種活躍的課堂氣氛，不僅使學生學得下去，而且覺得既有趣又令人興奮。關鍵在于使用的方法讓學生不覺得是在上課。例如把上課編排得像是做游戲。這樣學生們就不覺得是在做一件嚴肅的事，而是在爭取贏得某種東西或是進行一場比賽。這是增進師生感情的關鍵，而良好的師生感情是學習的一個重要方面。
第三把鑰匙 在你的教學計劃中，首要任務是確保你的學生能夠跟得上。在這方面，教師必須考慮班上有一部分學生的英語水平不及其他同學。要確保你能顧及到你所有的學生，要面面俱到。最重要的是，不論在課內還是課外，教師都應始終公平對待學生，并尊重他們。我們有時在教員休息室隨便議論學生的缺點，以至于讓其他教員也知道。這會對該學生的名譽造成很大損害。
第四把鑰匙 幫助你的學生學以致用，立竿見影。在隨后的幾個星期或幾個月，你應教給他們把課堂所學和現實生活聯系上。如果可能，鼓勵學生把所學知識教給他人。要向他們表明學校不是孤立于世界之外的地方。
在教室里同樣可以實踐所學知識，教師根據學生的能力、掌握知識的程度以及對所授課程的理解，將學生配成對，通過合作學習的方法來進行實踐。
(By H.G. Cadenas，姜重芬 摘譯 《英語文摘》)【Four Key Elements that Revitalize Yo】相關文章：
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